PMC

Example of the static surge, sway and heave acceleration of Eurasian beavers during a whole sleeping session. (a) Static heave acceleration values towards -1 g indicate lying on the back. (b) Static surge acceleration values towards +1 g and static sway acceleration values towards 0 g imply that the animal is sleeping in a sitting posture on its belly. (c) Static sway acceleration values towards -1 g indicate that the animal is lying on the left side, while (d) static sway acceleration values towards +1 g indicate lying on the right side.

The von Mises stress value of the centre of nucleus versus frequency under different levels of acceleration. (a) 0.5 g acceleration in X-direction; (b) 0.5 g acceleration in Y-direction; (c) 0.5 g acceleration in Z-direction; (d) 1 g acceleration in X-direction; (e) 1 g acceleration in Y-direction; (f) 1 g acceleration in Z-direction; (g) 2 g acceleration in X-direction; (h) 2 g acceleration in Y-direction; and (i) 2 g acceleration in Z-direction.

The displacement of the centre of the nucleus versus vibration frequency of osteoblasts. (a) 0.5 g acceleration in X-direction; (b) 0.5 g acceleration in Y-direction; (c) 0.5 g acceleration in Z-direction; (d) 1 g acceleration in X-direction; (e) 1 g acceleration in Y-direction; (f) 1 g acceleration in Z-direction; (g) 2 g acceleration in X-direction; (h) 2 g acceleration in Y-direction; and (i) 2 g acceleration in Z-direction.

The strain value of the centre of nucleus versus frequency of the six different cell models at different levels of acceleration. (a) 0.5 g acceleration in X-direction; (b) 0.5 g acceleration in Y-direction; (c) 0.5 g acceleration in Z-direction; (d) 1 g acceleration in X-direction; (e) 1 g acceleration in Y-direction; (f) 1 g acceleration in Z-direction; (g) 2 g acceleration in X-direction; (h) 2 g acceleration in Y-direction; and (i) 2 g acceleration in Z-direction.